The Colosseum is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy, just east of the Roman Forum. It was built under the emperor Vespasian in 72 and was completed in 80 AD. Three emperors that were patrons of the work are known as the Flavian dynasty. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the medieval era.

The Pantheon is one of the best-preserved of all Ancient Roman buildings. It was rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated c. 126 AD. Almost two thousand years after it was built, the Pantheon's dome is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome.

The Trevi Fountain is the largest Baroque fountain in the city of Rome. It was designed by Italian architect Nicola Salvi and completed by Giuseppe Pannini and several others. The fountain has appeared in several films, including Roman Holiday and Three Coins in the Fountain.

Roman Forum is located in the small valley between the Palatine and Capitoline Hills of Rome. For centuries the Forum was the center of day-to-day life in Rome. Today it is a sprawling ruin of architectural fragments and intermittent archaeological excavations attracting 4.5 million or more sightseers yearly.

Piazza Navona is a public open space in Rome, Italy. It is built on the site of the Stadium of Domitian, built in the 1st century AD. The ancient Romans went there to watch the agones, and hence it was known as "Circus Agonalis".

Spanish Steps in Rome, Italy, climb a steep slope between the Piazza di Spagna and the Trinità dei Monti church. The monumental stairway of 135 steps was built with French diplomat Étienne Gueffier's funds of 20,000 scudi, in 1723–1725.

The Mausoleum of Hadrian, usually known as Castel Sant'Angelo, is a towering cylindrical building in Parco Adriano, Rome. It was initially commissioned by the Roman Emperor Hadrian as a mausoleum for himself and his family. The building was later used by the popes as a fortress and castle.

Victor Emmanuel II National Monument, also known as Vittoriano or Altare della Patria, is a large national monument built between 1885 and 1935 to honour Victor Emmanuel II. The monument was conceived as a modern forum, an agora on three levels connected by stairways and dominated by a portico.

Basilica of Saint Mary Major, or church of Santa Maria Maggiore, is one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome. The basilica enshrines the image of Salus Populi Romani, depicting the Blessed Virgin Mary as the health and protectress of the Roman people. Pursuant to a Lateran Treaty of 1929 between the Holy See and Italy, the Basilica is within Italian territory and not the Vatican City State.

Palatine Hill is one of the most ancient parts of Rome. Imperial palaces were built here, starting with Augustus. The Palatine Museum houses many finds from the excavations here and from other ancient Italian sites. It has been called "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire".

Piazza del Popolo is a large urban square in Rome. The name in modern Italian literally means "People's Square", but derives from the poplars after which it is named. The piazza lies inside the northern gate in the Aurelian Walls, once the Porta Flaminia of ancient Rome.

Capitoline Museums is a group of art and archaeological museums in Piazza del Campidoglio, on top of the Capitoline Hill in Rome, Italy. The history of the museum can be traced to 1471, when Pope Sixtus IV donated a collection of important ancient bronzes to the people of Rome.

Campo de' Fiori is a rectangular square south of Piazza Navona in Rome, Italy. It is diagonally southeast of the Palazzo della Cancelleria and one block northeast of Palazzo Farnese. The name dates to the Middle Ages when the area was a meadow.

Arch of Constantine is a triumphal arch in Rome dedicated to the emperor Constantine the Great. The arch was commissioned by the Roman Senate to commemorate Constantine's victory over Maxentius at the Battle of Milvian Bridge in AD 312. It has three bays and overall dimensions of 21 m high, 25.9 m wide and 7.4 m deep.

The Mouth of Truth is a marble mask in Rome, Italy. According to medieval legend, it will bite off the hand of any liar who places their hand in its mouth. Historians aren't quite certain what the original purpose of the disc was. It was possibly used as a drain cover in the nearby Temple of Hercules Victor.

The Papal Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican, or Saint Peter's Basilica, is a church built in the Renaissance style. It was designed principally by Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, Carlo Maderno and Gian Lorenzo Bernini. While it is neither the mother church nor the cathedral of the Diocese of Rome, St. Peter's is regarded as one of the holiest Catholic shrines.

Vatican Museums are the public museums of the Vatican City. They display works from the immense collection amassed by the Catholic Church and the papacy throughout the centuries. The Sistine Chapel, with its ceiling and altar wall decorated by Michelangelo, and the Stanze di Raffaello are on the visitor route through the Vatican Museums.

The Sistine Chapel is a chapel in the Apostolic Palace, in Vatican City. Originally known as the Cappella Magna, the chapel takes its name from Pope Sixtus IV. Today, it is the site of the papal conclave, the process by which a new pope is selected.

Saint Peter's Square is a large plaza located directly in front of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. At the centre of the square is an ancient Egyptian obelisk, erected at the current site in 1586. A granite fountain constructed by Bernini in 1675 matches another fountain designed by Carlo Maderno in 1613.

The Gardens of Vatican City are located in the west of the city and owned by the Pope. There are some buildings, such as Vatican Radio and the Governor's Palace, within the gardens. The gardens and parks were established during the Renaissance and Baroque era and are decorated with fountains and sculptures.

The Last Judgment is a depiction of the Second Coming of Christ and the final judgment by God of all humanity. Michelangelo began working on it 25 years after having finished the Sistine Chapel ceiling, and was nearly 67 at its completion. There are over 300 figures, with nearly all the males and angels originally shown as nudes.

Four Raphael Rooms in the Apostolic Palace, now part of the Vatican Museums, are famous for their frescoes. The Stanze, as they are commonly called, were originally intended as a suite of apartments for Pope Julius II. Along with Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling paintings, they are the grand fresco sequences that mark the High Renaissance in Rome.

Apostolic Palace is the official residence of the Pope in Vatican City. It contains the Sistine Chapel, Raphael Rooms, and Borgia Apartment. The modern tourist can see these and other parts of the palace, but other parts, such as the Sala Regia and Cappella Paolina, had long been closed to tourists.

Florence Cathedral, formally the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore, is the cathedral of Florence, Italy. It was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to a design of Arnolfo di Cambio and was structurally completed by 1436. The cathedral complex includes the Baptistery and Giotto's Campanile.

The Uffizi Gallery is located in the Historic Centre of Florence, Italy. It is one of the most visited Italian museums and holds a collection of priceless works from the Italian Renaissance.

The Ponte Vecchio is a medieval stone closed-spandrel arch bridge over the Arno River, in Florence, Italy. The bridge connects via Por Santa Maria to via de 'Guicciardini and via della Carraia. The name was given to what was the oldest Florentine bridge when it was called "Ponte Nuovo" in contrast to the pons Vetus.

David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created between 1501 and 1504, by Italian artist Michelangelo. The statue represents the Biblical hero David, a favoured subject in the art of Florence. It is thought that the David was conceived as a political statue before Michelangelo began to work on it.

Basilica di Santa Croce is the principal Franciscan church in Florence, Italy. It is also known as the 'Temple of the Italian Glories'.

Palazzo Vecchio is the town hall of Florence, Italy. Originally called the Palazzo della Signoria, after the ruling body of the Republic of Florence. The building acquired its current name when the Medici duke's residence was moved across the Arno River.

Piazzale Michelangelo is a square with a panoramic view of Florence, Italy, located in the Oltrarno district of the city.

The Galleria dell'Accademia di Firenze, or "Gallery of the Academy of Florence", is an art museum in Florence, Italy. It is best known as the home of Michelangelo's sculpture David. In 2016, it had 1.46 million visitors, making it the second-most-visited art gallery in Italy, after the Uffizi.

The Palazzo Pitti, in English sometimes called the Pitti Palace, is a vast, mainly Renaissance, palace in Florence, Italy. The palazzo was bought by the Medici family in 1549 and grew as a great treasure house. It was used as a power base by Napoleon and later served for a brief period as the principal royal palace of the newly united Italy.

Boboli Gardens is one of the most important examples of the Italian garden. It was originally designed for the Medici by Bernardo Buontalenti between 1536 and 1608. The large green area is a real open-air museum with statues of various styles and periods.

Palazzo della Signoria is a square in front of the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, Italy. It is located near the Piazza del Duomo and gateway to Uffizi Gallery.

Santa Maria Novella is the first great basilica in Florence, and is the city's principal Dominican church.

The Palazzo Medici, also called the Palazzo Medici Riccardi after the later family that acquired and expanded it, is a Renaissance palace located in Florence, Italy. It is the seat of the Metropolitan City of Florence and a museum.

The Bargello, also known as the Palazzo del Bargello, Museo Nazionale del Bargello, or Palazzo del Popolo (Palace of the People), was a former barracks and prison, now an art museum, in Florence, Italy.

Laurentian Library is a historic library in Florence, Italy. It contains more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books. The library building was designed by Michelangelo and is an example of Mannerism. All of the book-bound manuscripts in the library are identified in its Codex Laurentianus.

Leaning Tower of Pisa is one of three structures in the cathedral's Cathedral Square. The tower began to lean during construction in the 12th century due to soft ground which could not support the structure's weight. By 1990, the tilt had reached 5.5 degrees and was stabilized by remedial work between 1993 and 2001.

Piazza dei Miracoli, formally known as Piazza del Duomo, is a walled area located in Pisa, Tuscany, Italy. Considered sacred by the Catholic Church, its owner, the square is dominated by four great religious edifices. The name was coined by the Italian writer and poet Gabriele d'Annunzio.

Pisa Cathedral is a medieval Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Pisa, Italy. Consecrated in 1118, it is the seat of the Archbishop of Pisa. It is the oldest of the three structures in the plaza followed by the Pisa Baptistry and the Campanile. The cathedral is a notable example of Romanesque architecture.

Campo Santo, also known as Camposanto Monumentale, is a historical edifice at the northern edge of the Cathedral Square in Pisa, Italy. It is said to have been built around a shipload of sacred soil from Golgotha, brought back to Pisa from the Third Crusade by archbishop Ubaldo Lanfranchi in the 12th century.

The Pisa Baptistery of St. John is a Roman Catholic ecclesiastical building in Pisa, Italy. Construction started in 1152 to replace an older baptistery, and when it was completed in 1363, it became the second building, in chronological order, in the Piazza dei Miracoli.

Piazza dei Cavalieri is a landmark in Pisa, Italy. This square was the political centre in medieval Pisa. After the middle of 16th century the square became the headquarters of the Order of the Knights of St. Stephen. Now it is a centre of education, being the main house of the Scuola Normale di Pisa higher learning institution.

Santa Maria della Spina is a small church in the Italian city of Pisa. The church, erected around 1230 in the Pisan Gothic style, was originally known as Santa Maria di Pontenovo for a nearby bridge that collapsed in the 15th century and was never rebuilt. John Ruskin, who visited Pisa in 1872, was outraged at the restoration of the church.

Palazzo Blu is a center for temporary exhibitions and cultural activities located in 9 Lungarno Gambacorti, in the heart of the historic center of Pisa, Italy. Its name comes from the blue color uncovered during an architectural recent restoration, and attributable to the taste of Russian owners who acquired the Palazzo in the eighteenth century.

Venice Rialto Bridge is the oldest of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. It was first built as a pontoon bridge in 1173 and is now a significant tourist attraction in the Italian city. The current bridge has been rebuilt several times since its original construction.

Piazza San Marco, often known in English as St Mark's Square, is the principal public square of Venice, Italy, where it is generally known just as la Piazza. The Piazzetta is an extension of the Piazza towards San Marco basin in its south east corner. The two spaces together form the social, religious and political centre of Venice. A remark attributed to Napoleon calls it "the drawing room of Europe".

The Patriarchal Cathedral Basilica of Saint Mark, commonly known as St Mark's Basilica, is the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Patriarchate of Venice; it became the episcopal seat of the Patriarch of Venice in 1807, replacing the earlier cathedral of San Pietro di Castello. The Patriarchal Cathedral Basilica of Saint Mark is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Patriarchate of Venice. It is dedicated to Saint Mark the Evangelist and holds the relics of the city's patron saint. The present structure is the third church, begun probably in 1063 to express Venice's civic consciousness and pride.

Doge's Palace of Venice was the residence of the Doge of Venice, the supreme authority of the former Republic of Venice. The palace was built in 1340 and is one of the city's most famous landmarks. It became a museum in 1923 and is now one of 11 museums run by the Fondazione Musei Musei Civici di Venezia.

The main waterway of Venice, Italy. It is lined on each side by palaces and spanned by the Rialto Bridge

Burano is an island in the Venetian Lagoon, northern Italy, near Torcello at the northern end of the lagoon, known for its lace work and brightly coloured homes. The primary economy is tourism.

The Bridge of Sighs is a bridge in Venice, Italy. It was designed by Antonio Contino, whose uncle Antonio da Ponte designed the Rialto Bridge. The enclosed bridge connects the New Prison with the Doge's Palace and passes over the Rio di Palazzo.

Peggy Guggenheim Collection is housed in the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni, an 18th-century palace. The collection includes works of Italian futurists and American modernists working in such genres as Cubism, Surrealism and abstract expressionism. In 2017, Karole Vail was appointed Director of the collection.

Murano is a series of islands linked by bridges in the Venetian Lagoon, northern Italy. It was once an independent comune, but is now a frazione of the comune of Venice. Murano is famous for its glass making and has a population of just over 5,000.

St Mark's Campanile is the bell tower of St Mark's Basilica in Venice, Italy. At 98.6 metres in height, it is the tallest structure in Venice and is colloquially termed "el parùn de casa". The campanile was originally intended as a watchtower to sight approaching ships and protect the entry to the city.

Teatro La Fenice is an opera house in Venice, Italy. Its name reflects its role in permitting an opera company to "rise from the ashes" despite losing the use of three theatres to fire. A fire in 1996 destroyed only the exterior walls, but it was rebuilt and re-opened in November 2004.

Venice's Libreria Acqua Alta is home to the "most beautiful bookstore in the world". The store keeps all their titles in waterproof bins and bathtubs due to Venice's constant flooding. The store's name itself even means "Book Store of High Water".

Museo Correr is one of the 11 civic museums run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia. Located in St. Mark's Square, Venice, it covers both the art and history of Venice. The museum extends along the southside of the square on the upper floors of the Procuratorie Nuove.

Clock Tower in Venice is an early Renaissance building on the north side of the Piazza San Marco. It was placed where the clock would be visible from the waters of the lagoon to give notice of the wealth and glory of Venice. Today it is one of the 11 venues managed by the Musei Musei Civici di Venezia.

Santa Maria della Salute is a Roman Catholic church and minor basilica located at Punta della Dogana in the Dorsoduro sestiere of Venice, Italy. The church was designed in the then fashionable Baroque style by Baldassare Longhena, who studied under the architect Vincenzo Scamozzi.

Milan Cathedral, or Metropolitan Cathedral-Basilica of the Nativity of Saint Mary, is the cathedral church of Milan, Lombardy, Italy. Construction began in 1386, and the final details were completed in 1965. It is the largest church in the Italian Republic, possibly the second largest in Europe and the third largest in the world.

The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II is Italy's oldest shopping gallery. It was designed in 1861 and built by architect Giuseppe Mengoni between 1865 and 1877. The Galleria is named after Victor Emmanuel II, the first king of the Kingdom of Italy.

Castello Sforzesco is a medieval fortification located in Milan, northern Italy. It was built in the 15th century by Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan, on the remnants of a 14th-century fortification. Later renovated and enlarged, it was one of the largest citadels in Europe.

La Scala theatre in Milan, Italy, was inaugurated on 3 August 1778. The theatre is home to the La Scala Theatre Chorus, La Scala Ballet and La Scala Orchestra. It also has an associate school which offers professional training in music, dance and stagecraft.

Stadio Giuseppe Meazza is a football stadium in the San Siro district of Milan, Italy. It has a seating capacity of 80,018, making it one of the largest stadiums in Europe, and the largest in Italy. The stadium will also host the opening ceremony of the 2026 Winter Olympics of Milan and Cortina d'Ampezzo.

Porta Nuova is one of Italy's most high-tech and international districts. It has a city GDP of €400 billion, which makes it Europe's richest district within any city. Three Fortune 500 companies are located in it, including AlfaRomeo, Pirelli and Techint.

Royal Palace of Milan was the seat of government in the Italian city of Milan for many centuries. The Palazzo is located to the right of the Duomo's facade opposite to Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II. It spans through an area of 7,000 square meters and it regularly hosts modern and contemporary art works.

The Last Supper of Jesus with the Twelve Apostles is Leonardo da Vinci's largest work, aside from the Sala delle Asse. Housed in the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy, little of the original painting remains today despite numerous restoration attempts.

Naviglio Grande is a canal connecting the Ticino river near Tornavento to the Porta Ticinese dock, also known as the Darsena, in Milan. It drops 34 m over 49.9 km. Initially it carries 63 cubic metres per second, 116 outlets take water to irrigate 500 square kilometres.

Corso Garibaldi is a hip street with nightlife, art & dining in Milan, Italy. It branches off from Piazza XXV Aprile (Corso Como) to the north to Via Pontaccio (Brera) It falls entirely within Milan's Municipality 1 and is part of the restricted traffic zone called Area C.

Plaza surrounded by unique architecture. Elevated and circular in shape, it has a diameter of 100 metres and is located in the Isola district, in front of the entrance to the Porta Garibaldi railway station and just outside the eastern edge of the business centre.

Piazza della Scala is a central square of Milan, Italy. It is named after the renowned Teatro alla Scala opera house. The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II passage runs through the square. Most of the architecture of the square is due to architect Luca Beltrami.

Pinacoteca di Brera is the main public gallery for paintings in Milan, Italy. It contains one of the foremost collections of Italian paintings from the thirteenth to the twentieth century. The art gallery is outgrowth of the Brera Academy, which shares the site in the Palazzo Brera.

The Museo Poldi Pezzoli is an art museum in Milan, Italy. The museum was originated in the 19th century as a private collection of Gian Giacomo Pastagnaro and his mother Rosa Trivulzio. During World War II, the palazzo suffered severe damage, but the artworks had been placed in safe storage.

Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia. Leonardo da Vinci in Milan is the largest science and technology museum in Italy. It was opened on 5 February 1953 and inaugurated by Prime Minister Alcide De Gasperi. The museum, in the ancient monastery of San Vittore al Corpo in Milan, is divided into seven main departments. Leonardo da Vinci, Art & Science New Frontiers.